See swingan on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "swingan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "swyngen"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Early Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of swyngen"
],
"id": "en-swingan-enm-verb-ME9Z-7Mu",
"links": [
[
"swyngen",
"swyngen#Middle_English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Early Middle English) Alternative form of swyngen"
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "swingan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "swyngen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: swyngen, swingen, swyng, swynge, swyngge, swyngyn, squynge, suing, swingan, swingæn, swingenn\nEnglish: swing\n→ Dutch: swingen\n→ Norman: souîndgi\nScots: swing, sweeng",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: swyngen, swingen, swyng, swynge, swyngge, swyngyn, squynge, suing, swingan, swingæn, swingenn\nEnglish: swing\n→ Dutch: swingen\n→ Norman: souîndgi\nScots: swing, sweeng"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*swingan",
"t": "to swing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swingan (“to swing”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *swingan (“to swing”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "swingan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swingenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swingende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġeswungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "swingan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swingan<s3>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 32 9 9 9 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to swinge, flog, beat, scourge"
],
"id": "en-swingan-ang-verb-YasMUA48",
"links": [
[
"swinge",
"swinge"
],
[
"flog",
"flog"
],
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"scourge",
"scourge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 32 9 9 9 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to swinge, flog, beat, scourge",
"to chastise, afflict, plague"
],
"id": "en-swingan-ang-verb-d26l22jW",
"links": [
[
"swinge",
"swinge"
],
[
"flog",
"flog"
],
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"scourge",
"scourge"
],
[
"chastise",
"chastise"
],
[
"afflict",
"afflict"
],
[
"plague",
"plague"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to swinge, flog, beat, scourge",
"(figurative) to chastise, afflict, plague"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 27 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to give a blow with the hand"
],
"id": "en-swingan-ang-verb-ehCZkT9R"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 27 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "With trained hands he spun the top.",
"text": "Mid ġelǣredre handa hē swang ðone top.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to whip a top, cream, etc."
],
"id": "en-swingan-ang-verb-h4BUZzWH",
"links": [
[
"whip",
"whip"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 27 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He drove back the fire on either hand.",
"text": "Hē swang ðæt fýr on twá.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to strike, dash"
],
"id": "en-swingan-ang-verb-iCGkcV1Z",
"links": [
[
"strike",
"strike"
],
[
"dash",
"dash"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 27 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The bird beats its wings violently.",
"text": "Se fugel liċġeþ lonnum fæst swīþe swingeþ.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to beat, flap"
],
"id": "en-swingan-ang-verb-CurvOb1q",
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"flap",
"flap"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of wings) to beat, flap"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of wings"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈswin.ɡɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈswiŋ.ɡɑn]"
}
],
"word": "swingan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "swingen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: swingen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: swingen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "swingen"
},
"expansion": "Low German: swingen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: swingen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "svinge",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: svinge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: svinge"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*swingan",
"t": "to swing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swingan (“to swing”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *swingan (“to swing”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "swingan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swingu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swungi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swungi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swinges",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swungis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swungi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giswungan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "swungan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "swingan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swing",
"2": "swing",
"3": "swang",
"4": "swung",
"5": "swung",
"class": "3"
},
"name": "osx-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to swing"
],
"id": "en-swingan-osx-verb-ZbQ1vJEl",
"links": [
[
"swing",
"swing"
]
]
}
],
"word": "swingan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "swingan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: swingan\nMiddle English: swyngen, swingen, swyng, swynge, swyngge, swyngyn, squynge, suing, swingan, swingæn, swingenn\nEnglish: swing\n→ Dutch: swingen\n→ Norman: souîndgi\nScots: swing, sweeng",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: swingan\nMiddle English: swyngen, swingen, swyng, swynge, swyngge, swyngyn, squynge, suing, swingan, swingæn, swingenn\nEnglish: swing\n→ Dutch: swingen\n→ Norman: souîndgi\nScots: swing, sweeng"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "swinga"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: swinga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: swinga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "swingan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: swingan\nMiddle Low German: swingen\nLow German: swingen\n→ Danish: svinge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: swingan\nMiddle Low German: swingen\nLow German: swingen\n→ Danish: svinge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*swingan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *swingan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *swingan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "swingen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: swingen\nLimburgish: zwinge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: swingen\nLimburgish: zwinge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "swingan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: swingan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: swingan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "swingen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: swingen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: swingen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schwingen"
},
"expansion": "German: schwingen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: schwingen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*swinganą",
"t": "to swing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swinganą (“to swing”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *swinganą (“to swing”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "swingan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swingannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swingannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swingannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "swingu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swungī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swingid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swungud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swungun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swungī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swungī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swingēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swungīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swungīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swing",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swingandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*swingan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swingan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to swing"
],
"id": "en-swingan-gmw-pro-verb-ZbQ1vJEl",
"links": [
[
"swing",
"swing"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "swingan"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "swingan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "swyngen"
}
],
"categories": [
"Early Middle English",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of swyngen"
],
"links": [
[
"swyngen",
"swyngen#Middle_English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Early Middle English) Alternative form of swyngen"
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "swingan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 3 strong verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "swyngen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: swyngen, swingen, swyng, swynge, swyngge, swyngyn, squynge, suing, swingan, swingæn, swingenn\nEnglish: swing\n→ Dutch: swingen\n→ Norman: souîndgi\nScots: swing, sweeng",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: swyngen, swingen, swyng, swynge, swyngge, swyngyn, squynge, suing, swingan, swingæn, swingenn\nEnglish: swing\n→ Dutch: swingen\n→ Norman: souîndgi\nScots: swing, sweeng"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*swingan",
"t": "to swing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swingan (“to swing”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *swingan (“to swing”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "swingan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swingenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swingende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġeswungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "swingan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swingan<s3>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to swinge, flog, beat, scourge"
],
"links": [
[
"swinge",
"swinge"
],
[
"flog",
"flog"
],
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"scourge",
"scourge"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to swinge, flog, beat, scourge",
"to chastise, afflict, plague"
],
"links": [
[
"swinge",
"swinge"
],
[
"flog",
"flog"
],
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"scourge",
"scourge"
],
[
"chastise",
"chastise"
],
[
"afflict",
"afflict"
],
[
"plague",
"plague"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to swinge, flog, beat, scourge",
"(figurative) to chastise, afflict, plague"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to give a blow with the hand"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "With trained hands he spun the top.",
"text": "Mid ġelǣredre handa hē swang ðone top.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to whip a top, cream, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"whip",
"whip"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He drove back the fire on either hand.",
"text": "Hē swang ðæt fýr on twá.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to strike, dash"
],
"links": [
[
"strike",
"strike"
],
[
"dash",
"dash"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The bird beats its wings violently.",
"text": "Se fugel liċġeþ lonnum fæst swīþe swingeþ.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to beat, flap"
],
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"flap",
"flap"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of wings) to beat, flap"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of wings"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈswin.ɡɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈswiŋ.ɡɑn]"
}
],
"word": "swingan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "swingen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: swingen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: swingen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "swingen"
},
"expansion": "Low German: swingen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: swingen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "svinge",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: svinge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: svinge"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*swingan",
"t": "to swing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swingan (“to swing”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *swingan (“to swing”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "swingan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swingu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swungi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swungi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swinges",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swungis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swungi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giswungan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "swungan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "swingan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swing",
"2": "swing",
"3": "swang",
"4": "swung",
"5": "swung",
"class": "3"
},
"name": "osx-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon class 3 strong verbs",
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Saxon verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to swing"
],
"links": [
[
"swing",
"swing"
]
]
}
],
"word": "swingan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "swingan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: swingan\nMiddle English: swyngen, swingen, swyng, swynge, swyngge, swyngyn, squynge, suing, swingan, swingæn, swingenn\nEnglish: swing\n→ Dutch: swingen\n→ Norman: souîndgi\nScots: swing, sweeng",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: swingan\nMiddle English: swyngen, swingen, swyng, swynge, swyngge, swyngyn, squynge, suing, swingan, swingæn, swingenn\nEnglish: swing\n→ Dutch: swingen\n→ Norman: souîndgi\nScots: swing, sweeng"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "swinga"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: swinga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: swinga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "swingan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: swingan\nMiddle Low German: swingen\nLow German: swingen\n→ Danish: svinge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: swingan\nMiddle Low German: swingen\nLow German: swingen\n→ Danish: svinge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*swingan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *swingan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *swingan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "swingen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: swingen\nLimburgish: zwinge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: swingen\nLimburgish: zwinge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "swingan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: swingan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: swingan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "swingen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: swingen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: swingen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schwingen"
},
"expansion": "German: schwingen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: schwingen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*swinganą",
"t": "to swing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swinganą (“to swing”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *swinganą (“to swing”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "swingan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swingannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swingannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swingannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "swingu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swungī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swingid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swungud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swungun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swungī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swungī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swingēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swungīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swungīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swing",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swingandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*swingan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swingan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic class 3 strong verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to swing"
],
"links": [
[
"swing",
"swing"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "swingan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for swingan meaning in All languages combined (14.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (0c0c1f1 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.